Rooted in marketing and advertising copywriting: the core is an imperative verb ("Start," "Get it free") that names the action concretely. A vague "Submit" or "OK" converts worse than a copy that promises a specific outcome, like "Start your free trial."
Visually it works as a signifier (see: signifier) through contrast colour, adequate size, and surrounding whitespace, and the rule of thumb is one primary CTA per screen — two equally emphasised buttons trigger decision paralysis (see: hicks-law).
Below, the weak CTA blends into grey and the cursor passes right over it; the strong CTA's colour and pulse pull the cursor straight to it.
When to use
Emphasise exactly one primary CTA per screen. Start the label with a verb and promise a concrete outcome ("Complete my order" beats "Submit").