This collects a signal in one click, with no survey. A thumbs-up usually ends there, but a thumbs-down often opens a short list of reasons — "inaccurate," "too long" — because an unqualified "bad" is far less actionable than knowing why.
The icon fills in immediately on click, and a brief confirmation like "Thanks" appears to show the feedback actually went somewhere. The two buttons are mutually exclusive — pressing thumbs-down while thumbs-up is active clears the thumbs-up.
Whether this feedback actually shapes future answers varies by product. Looking like it matters when it doesn't erodes trust over time, so at minimum, within that same conversation, whatever was just flagged shouldn't repeat.
When to use
Use it in products that actually monitor and improve model quality over time. If feedback genuinely goes nowhere, better not to leave it in as decoration.