Plenty of material states flatly that red means passion and blue means trust, but these read more like patterns repeatedly observed in a particular culture, era, or marketing convention than a verified universal law. Even the same person reads the same color differently depending on context — a traffic sign versus a brand logo.
White shows the sharpest cultural split. In much of Western culture it is tied to purity and bridal wear; in Korean and broader East Asian tradition, white has long been the color of mourning clothes, tied to funerals instead. The same color carries close to opposite associations depending on where you are.
The safer approach is to treat "this color means this" as a reference point, not a rule — check the target audience's region, age, and context first, and use color-association research as one input among several, not a settled fact.
When to use
Before designing for a specific emotional reaction, check whether that tendency actually holds in your target audience's culture.